Elements of Shafie Fiqh pdf download

Elements of Shafie Fiqh

Elements OF Shafie Fiqh

Book Contents

• ELEMENTS OF ISLAAM 03
• ISLAAMIC LAWS 04
• TAHAARAH 05
• NAJAASAAT 07
• ISTINJAA 08
• WUDHOO 10
• GHUSL 11
• TAYAMMUM 12
• HAIDH AND NIFAAS 13
• SALAAH 15
• ARKAANUSSALAAH 16
• PRE-SUNAN OF SALAAH 17
• FACTORS WHICH INVALIDATE SALAAH OR MAKE IT MAKROOH 19
• ANNAWAAFIL 20
• SALAATUL JAMAA’H 21
• TYPE OF FOLLOWER 22
• SALAATUL MUSAFIR 23
• SALAATUL JUMU’H 24
• EID SALAAH 25
• SALAATUL JANAZAH 26
• ZAKAAT 27
• ZAKAAH OF FITR 28
• SAWM 30
• HAJJ AND UMRAH 32
• CONDITIONS FOR TAWAAF AND SA’EE

ISLAAM

It refers to submitting oneself to the teachings brought by the Prophet Sallalahu Alaihi Wa Sallam abiding by the commands and refraining from the prohibitions.

ELEMENTS OF ISLAAM

There are four elements of Islaam. They are as follows:

1. Al-Qur’aan
2. Al-Hadeeth
3. Al-Ijmaa’
4. Al-Qiyaas

AL-QUR’AAN

The sacred scripture of Allaah Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala, which was revealed to the last and final Prophet; Muhammad Sallalahu Alaihi Wa Sallam. The book guides people to their religious and worldly affairs. It teaches man how to get preparation for the eternal life.

AL-HADEETH

The statements and practices of the Nabee Sallalahu Alaihi Wa Sallam which explain the

Qur’aanic teachings and direct mankind to those instructions.

AL-IJMAA’

The term Ijmaa’ is used for the unanimity of the Ulamaa on a religious matter in a way that the majority of Muslims approve that unity.

AL-QIYAAS

It refers to comparing a matter, which bears no clear Islaamic evidence, with a similar one on the basis of having common Illah-ground for Hukm-ruling.

QUESTION

1. What is Islaaam?
2. What are the elements of Islaam?
3. What is Qur’aan?
4. What is Hadeeth?
5. What is Ijamaa’?
6. What is Qiyaas?

3

 LESSON 2

ISLAAMIC LAWS

There are five types of Islaamic laws. They are follows:

1. Al-Fardh
2. Assunnah
3. Al-Haraam
4. Al-Makrooh
5. Al-Mubaah

AL-FARDH

It is such a law that whoever abides by it will be rewarded, and whosoever neglects it will be punished. Fardh and Wajeeb always imply the same meaning except in the chapter of Hajj.

ASSUNNAH

It is an instruction that there is reward for one who follows it. But there is no punishment for one who does not act upon it. Sunnah, Mandoob and Mustahaab are of the same meaning.

AL-HARAAM

It is such an act that whoever abstains from committing it will be rewarded, and whosever commits it will be punished.

AL-MAKROOH

It refers to such a deed that whoever refrains from committing it will be rewarded. But there is no punishment for one who commits it.

AL-MUBAAH

It is an act that there is no reward for one who observes it nor there is any punishment for a person who leaves it off.

TYPES OF FARDH

Fardh is of two types:

1. Fardh Al-Ain
2. Fardh Al-Kifaayah

FARDH AL-AIN

It is an injunction which is necessary for every sane and adult to abide by individually. If some people perform this command then it will not be accomplished from the rest.

FARDH AL-KIFAAYAH

It is such a ruling which is necessary for every sane and adult to observe individually. But if some people perform it then this obligation will be accomplished from the rest.

AL-MUKALLAF

This term refers to every individual who is adult and sane.

QUESTION

• How many Islaamic laws are there and what are they?
• What is Fardh?
• What is Sunnah?
• What is Harram?
• What is Makrooh?
• What is Mubaah?
• How many types of Fardh are there?
• What is Fardh Al-Ain?
• What is Fardh Al-Kiffayah?
• Who is regarded as Mukallfaf?

LESSON 3

TAHAARAH

It is a specific method of cleansing which is conditional for the validity of Salaah. There are two types of cleanliness; cleanliness from Hadath-invisible impurity and cleanliness from Khabath-visible impurity.

TAHAARAH FROM HADATH

It is to cleanse oneself performing Wudu-ablution, Ghusl-bath or Tayammum, an alternative of the former two.

TAHAARAH FROM KHABTH

It is to cleanse oneself after Istinjaa-answering to the natural calls, and remove impurity from one’s body, clothes and place (of prayer).

TYPES OF MUTAHHIRAAT

The following four can be used for cleansing.

• Clean water
• Clean soil
• Clean stone
• Currying (skin)

TYPES OF WATER

There are three types of water.

• Water which is clean itself and can be used for cleansing
• Water which is clean itself but cannot be used for cleansing
• Water which is polluted

1 Cleanliness

2 Thing which can be used for cleansing

5

WATER WHICH IS CLEAN AND CAN BE USED FOR CLEANSING

All types of rain and spring-water, which have not changed any of their qualities1 because of having been mixed with something that can pollute them. Like seawater, river-water, ice-water, snow-water and similar water.

WATER THAT HAS CHANGED BUT CAN BE USED FOR CLEANSING

Water, which has changed any or all of its qualities because of having been mixed with something that cannot pollute it, is of five types.

• Water that has changed because of its being stagnant for a long period or due to its being birth place of fish and frogs.
• Water which has changed because of the place where it is standing, the channel it flows through or having been mixed with clay or salt.
• Water that has changed because of having been mixed with something impossible to avoid it, like the leaves of tree which fall on water through wind.
• Water that has changed due to the colour of port which has been painted, tar for instance.
• Water which has changed because of the impurity that is laying nearby. A stinking corpse for instance, laying next to water and water changes its quality due to getting mixed with odour through wind. Or water that has changed because of getting mixed with something which cannot be separated such as oil or fat.

WATER CLEAN ITSELF BUT CANNOT BE USED FOR CLEANSING

There are three types of water which are clean themselves but they cannot be used for cleansing.

1. Water which has changed completely because of having been mixed with something pure which is not an integral part of water nor is it laying nearby, like sugar and honey.
2. Little quantity of water that has already been used for cleansing.
3. Water that has been extracted from any tree by rinsing, boiling or any similar method, such as rose and coconut-water.

POLLUTED WATER

Polluted water is of two types.

1. Water which has changed any of its qualities because of falling something impure into it, whether the impurity is in little or large quantity.
   1. Water which is little in quantity will be polluted when something impure falls into it, even if water has not changed any of its qualities.

QUESTION

1. What is Tahaarah?
2. What does Tahaarah from Hadath mean?
3. What does Tahaarah from Khubth stand for?
4. How many types of objects can be used for cleansing?
5. What type of water is clean and can be used for cleansing?
6. What type of water is considered changed, but clean itself?

 There are three qualities of water; colour, smell and taste.

• What type of water is clean but cannot be used for cleansing?
• What type of water is regarded as polluted?

LESSON 4

NAJAASAAT

There are three types of impurity.

1. Mughalladhah
2. Mukhaffafah
3. Mutawassitah

MUGHALLADHAH

It is dog, pig and their saliva, mucus and sweat. The kids of these two animals, even if they are born by coupling of a pure animal are also amongst the Mughalladhah.

METHOD OF CLEANSING MUGHALLADHAH

The object which is polluted by this impurity must be washed seven times; six times with pure water and one time with pure clay after removing the impurity.

MUKHAFFAFAH

It is the urinal of a suckling baby before it reaches the age of two years.

METHOD OF CLEANSING MUKHAFFAFAH

The place which is polluted by this kind of impurity must be sprinkled with water till it gets wet.

MUTAWASSITAH

There are two types of Mutawassitah.

1. Hukmiyyah
2. Ainiyyah

HUKMIYYAH

It is an impurity which does not get any shape, taste, colour or smell, like the urinal other than that of suckling baby when it dries leaving no sing behind.

METHOD OF CLEANSING HUKMIYYAH

The place or object which is polluted by this impurity will be regarded pure when it is washed, even one time with clean water.

AINIYYAH

It is an impurity which gets shape, taste, colour or smell such as stool, dung, blood, pus, vomit, intoxicant liquor, Mazi,2 Wadi,3 all types of dead carcasses except man, fish and grasshopper, milk of any unlawful alive animal and the portion separated from the body of any living animal except man, fish and grasshopper.

1 Impurities

2 Mazi is a liquid which discharges through urethra because of sexual excitement

3 Wadi is a fluid that comes out through urethra mostly after urine due to sickness

METHOD OF CLEANSING AINIYYAH

The place or objected which is polluted by this impurity must be washed with clean water till the impurity removes complexly. No matter if the trace of impurity remains on the place or clothes and it can hardly be removed.

METHOD OF CLEANSING WINE

It will be considered pure when it turns into vinegar.

METHOD OF CLEANSING SKIN

The skin of animal will be regarded as clean after it has been tanned except the skin of dog, pig and their offspring, even if they are born by the combination of a lawful animal.