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Fatawa on the Rulings of the Adhaan pdf

FATAWA ON THE RULINGS OF THE ADHAAN
Book Title Fatawa On The Rulings Of The Adhaan
Book AuthorAbdullah Ibn Jibreen
Total Pages32
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Fatawa on the Rulings of the Adhaan

FATAWA ON THE RULINGS OF THE ADHAAN

Question One: What is the Ruling of the Athaan? Is it Waajib (Obligatory)?

Answer One : Ahl ul-Ilm (The People of Knowledge) have said that it is Fard Al-Kifayaah (Communal Obligation) but Salaat without calling the Athaan is valid.

Question Two: What is the ruling of the Iqaamah?

Answer Two: As with the Athaan, it is Fard Al-kifayaah and Salaat without an iqaamah is valid.

Question Three: Is Al-Muwaalah (doing it in sequence uninterrupted) a condition, of the athaan?

Answer Three: Al-Muwaalah is a necessity, so if the Mu’athan intentionally pauses (an extremely lo ng pause) between the statements of the Athaan, this is no longer called an athaan. He should start over from the beginning.

So, if he pauses for a long period of time between the statements of the athaan this will nullify the Athaan.

Question Four: If the athaan was interrupted for a legitimate reason, such as washing the face due to a nose bleed, or something similar, does he repeat the athaan from the beginning, or start from where he left off, when he returns.

Answer Four: Yes, he starts over, even with a legitimate reason, because al-Muwaalah is a condition of the athaan.

Question Five: Is it a condition of the athaan that its statements be said in order?

Answer Five: Yes, being in order is also a condition, so if he says a statement out of place, it invalidates the athaan.

Question Six: If the Mu’athan forge ts his place while calling the athaan, thus saying a sentence out of order does this invalidate the Athaan?

Answer Six: Small errors are overlooked.

Question Seven: If the Mu’athan finishes the athaan, then realizes that he has called the athaan too soon by fifteen minutes what should he do? Should he repeat the athaan at the proper time?

Answer Seven: If the Mu’athan has called the athaan before the time has entered, and it has not entered by the time he finishes, then he must repeat the athaan even if it is two minutes early.

Question Eight: What is the ruling on calling the athaan for a Salaat that one has missed? (Like if someone wakes up for Fajr after the sun has risen)

Answer Eight: Yes, They should call the Athaan, and the proof is the Hadith Abu Qatadah may Allah be please

with him) in which he mentions that the Prophet        traveled with some companions and they slept and left Bilaal in charge of waking them up for Fajr, but Bilaal may Allah be please with him) overslept along with the companions until they were awakened by the sun. In this hadith Bilaal may Allah be please with him) was ordered to call the athaan even though the time had passed.

Question Nine: Is it preferred to call the iqaamah for Fajr early or delay it?

Answer Nine : Usually Fajr prayer is preceded by sleep and fatigue thus it is better to delay the iqaamah in order to gather the majority of people. Especially since some will need to perform a ghusl (shower)

Question Ten: Which one has more authority over the iqaamah…the Imam or Mu’athan?

Answer Ten: This was narrated in a Hadith of the Prophet         , the mu’athan has more authority over the athaan and the Imam has more authority over the iqaamah. So the mu’athan should not call the iqaamah until the Imam gives him the authority to do so. (Note: This Hadith has some weakness)

Question Eleven: Has the exact time we should wait between the athaan and iqaamah been specified?

Answer Eleven: The time period has been specified, but is has not been specified with minutes. The Prophet said: “Put between your athaan and iqaamah an interval that allows enough time for a Mu’atasir(a person in

need of defecating) to take care of his need without hurry and a time period to permit one who is eating to finish without haste.” This is around twenty minutes.

Question Twelve: If someone is going to pray in a desert (or similar places such as a Forest) is it from the Sunnah to call to the athaan?

Answer Twelve: If a person is in a vacant place it is from the Sunnah to call the athaan, even if he will pray by himself, due to the Hadith of Abu Sa’eed may Allah be please with him) that was previously mentioned in the merits of the Athaan.

Question Thirteen: If I am outside the city with some of my friends, and the time of Isha’ enters, and we want to delay the prayer seeking the more desirable time, should we call the Athaan as soon as the Salaat time comes in or right before we want to pray?

Answer Thirteen: It is preferred to call the Athaan right before you begin to pray, Even if you delayed it until the last third of the night.

Question Fourteen: Has it been reported that the Mu’athan should turn to the right and left?

Answer Fourteen: Yes, it has come in the Hadith about Bilaal’s may Allah be please with him) athaan that he used to turn to the right and left while saying the “Hayalaats” (”Come to Prayer!” …”Come to Success!”)

Question Fifteen: How is the turning performed?

Answer Fifteen: The Mu’athan says “Haya ala as-Salaah” twice while turning only his head (not his body) to the right and “Haya ala al-Falaah” twice while turning only his head (not his body) to the left.

But if he is using a microphone he should not turn (his head away from the microphone), because that will cause his voice to be decreased (or unheard) and there is no need for the turning because the microphone makes the voice spread in all directions.

Question Sixteen: Is it from the Sunnah for the Mu’athan to be elevated during the athaan?

Answer Sixteen: This was in the beginning years so as to make the athaan reach as far as possible. The Mu’athan during that era would stand in the Minarah (plural minaret) the highest point of the Masjid, and then he would call the athaan in order to be heard by the maximum amount of people.

As for this era, there is no need for the Mu’athan to be elevated since we have microphones and speakers.

Question Seventeen: Has it been narrated that the Mu’athan puts his fingers in his ears?

Answer Seventeen: Yes, the Mu’athan puts his index fingers in his ears and the Fuqaha (Scholars of Fiqh) have proof for it. The wisdom behind this is that the Mu’athan is commanded to raise his voice extremely high in order for the maximum amount of people to hear him. And this can damage the ear. So placing the fingers in the ears reduces this potential harm.

Question Eighteen: If the Mu’athan is not using a microphone and he is in a vacant place (such as a desert) what is the ruling on turning completely around to make sure the athaan reaches all directions.

Answer Eighteen: This is not legislated in the Shar’iah.

Question Nineteen: What is the ruling on calling the athaan while riding a car or something similar?

Answer Nineteen: Calling athaan while riding is permissible as long as he pronounces the words correctly and as long as he raises his voice while the car is moving he has done what is required.

Question Twenty: If the Mu’athan calls the athaan while riding then gets out of the car, should he call the athaan again?

Answer Twenty: The first athaan suffices him.

Question Twenty-One: Is it permissible for the athaan to be called while sitting?

Answer Twenty-One: The origin is that this isn’t permissible rather he should call the athaan while standing so that his voice may reach as many people as possible. However, as for our time the matter has become more flexible due to the microphone. Likewise with the Iqaamah

Question Twenty-Two : When combining two salaats while traveling, do you call the Athaan for each salaat?

Answer Twenty-Two : When combining Salaats while traveling make one athaan and an iqaamah for each prayer. So there will be One Athaan and Two iqaamahs

Question Twenty Three: Is it a condition that the Mu’athan faces the Qiblah while calling the athaan?

Answer Twenty –Three: It is mustahab (encouraged) and recommended but not wajib. Indeed the Qiblah is the most honorable direction, so it is preferred over all other directions.

Question Twenty-Four: If the Mu’athan is in a vacant place should he elevate himself?

Answer Twenty-Four: Yes, it is Sunnah for the Mu’athan to be elevated while calling the athaan so that his call will reach further, even if he is in a vacant place, because everything that hears his call from the creation will bear witness for him according to the hadith mentioned previously in the merits of athaan.

Question Twenty-Five: The Ahl-ul-Ilm mentioned that you should say “Pray in your Rihaal “(Temporary dwelling places) when there is a strong rain. So what is the amount of rain that permits leaving the Jama’ah in the Masjid?

Answer Twenty-Five: This hadith is referring to traveling and stating that they were travelers. The travelers normally are scattered about, and it is difficult for the m to gather in one place when there is mud and large puddles of water around the place that they would normally gather to pray.

So in this state, it is permitted for them to pray in their temporary dwelling places, and the word “Rihaal” points to this. Thus it was not stated “pray in your houses.”

Question Twenty Six: Some people are over- lenient with praying in their homes due to the least amount of rain. What is the ruling?

Answer Twenty-Six: It is not permissible for a man to pray (obligatory Salaat) in his house (leaving the Jama’ah) except with a strong excuse like if the rain is continuous, he did not have a car to take him to the masjid, or between him and his house is thick slippery mud and huge puddles which reach his knees or mid- calf.

In this situation it is permissible to remain at home and pray. If this is not the case, then he must answer the call to prayer.

Question Twenty-Seven: If I went to the Masjid with a friend where the Jama’ah has finished the prayer, and we want to pray in Jama’ah…should we call the athaan?

Answer Twenty-Seven: It is best not to call it becaus e the reason behind making the athaan is informing people that the time for prayer has entered and you all are aware that the time for prayer has entered, thus there is no need for it.

Question Twenty-Eight: What about the iqaamah? Should we call the iqaamah before prayer or leave it?

Answer Twenty- Eight: The iqaamah is different from the athaan in its ruling. So it is Sunnah to call the iqaamah before beginning to pray because the iqaamah is to inform the people that are present that the Salaat is about to be established.

Question Twenty Nine : If I have missed the prayer with the Jama’ah and I want to pray at home, is it required for me to call the athaan or not?

Answer Twenty-Nine : No it is not because the purpose of the athaan is to inform the people that the time of Salaat has begun and you in this situation are praying by yourself, thus there is no need.

Question Thirty: What about the iqaamah? Is it required?

Answer Thirty: If you are praying alone, you have the choice to make the Iqaamah or leave it. There is no problem because the purpose of the iqaamah is to inform the ones who are present that the salaat is being established now.

Chapter Two – Fatawa concerning the words and its rulings

Question Thirty One: If the Mu’athan forgets a sentence while calling the athaan and he does not remember what he has forgotten until he reaches the last sentence, what should do?

Answer Thirty-One: If the Mu’athan forgets something of the athaan, he should say it at the end of the athaan and there is no problem with that. And there is no need to repeat the athaan.

Question Thirty-Two: What if the Mu’athan forgets “As-Salaatu Khairum min an-Nawm” (“Salaat is better than Sleep”) and does not remember until he reaches the last sentence, what should do?

Answer Thirty-Two: If the Mu’athan forgets something of the athaan, he should say it at the end of the athaan and there is no problem with that. And there is no need to repeat the athaan.

Question Thirty-Three: If the Mu’athan says what he has forgotten at the end of the athaan, such as “As- Salaatu Khairan min an-Nawm”…Does he repeat what comes after it until he reaches the end of the athaan.

Answer Thirty-Three: No, he does not complete what comes after it because he has already said it.

Question Thirty-Four: What should we do concerning the many different narrations concerning the various ways to call the athaan? Which one should we choose? Or should we use one method one time and another method another time.

Answer Thirty-Four: The Correct thing to do is to call the athaan of Bilaal. may Allah be please with him) And it is what is popular and well known amongst the people. It has 15 sentences.

Question Thirty-Five: What is meant by calling the athaan with at-tarjeea?

Answer Thirty-Five: At-Tarjeea is repetition of the shahaadatain . (Ahadu an la iliha ila Allah and Ashadu ana Muhammadur Rasulullah) meaning saying “Ashadu an la ilaha illa Allah” twice with a raised voice then “Ashadu ana Muhammadar Rasulullah” twice with a raised voice, then “Ashadu an la ilaha illa Allah” twice again with a lowered voice, Then “Ashadu ana Muhammadar Rasulullah” twice with a lowered voice. And this is taken from the hadith of Ab u Mahthurah may Allah be please with him)

Fatawa On The Rulings Of The Athaan

Question Thirty Five: Which is preferred? Calling the athaan with at-tarjeea or without?

Answer Thirty-Five: It is best to leave at-tarjeea. This is because it is only mentioned in a muhtaamil hadith (a hadith that can be interpreted in more than one way) of Abu Mahthurah. But we are of the opinion that the

Prophet  mentioned the athaan with Tarjeea simply because he was trying to teach Abu Mahthurah (who was a new Muslim) the shahaadah and make it established in Abu Mahthurah’s heart.

Question Thirty-Six: If someone did at-tarjeea sometimes and left it sometimes, is this permissible or is it best to be left all together?

Answer Thirty-Six: That is permissible but it is preferred to stay consistent upon one athaan and we mentioned that Bilaal’s athaan is preferred to be consistent with. It is the one that is used now and was heard by the

Prophet  while traveling, resident and he approved of it.

Question Thirty-Seven: When you ‘lower your voice’ in the at-tarjeea does this mean you say it to yourself?

Answer Thirty-Seven: ‘Lowering your voice’ does not mean saying it to yourself, but rather saying the statement with a low voice so that if there was someone beside you, he would hear you. So do not lower your voice to the point it is not heard, but do not raise it like the rest of the Athaan.

Question Thirty-Eight: Has it been narrated that the Iqaamah is similar to the statements of the athaan?

Answer Thirty-Eight: Yes, with some of the Fuqaha such as the Hanafis. The iqaamah according to them is like the athaan except that the athaan is increased by the tarjeea and the iqaamah is increased by “Qad qaamatis Salaah”. So the athaan according to them is 19 sentences and the iqaamah is 17 sentences. They derive this by saying this was the iqaamah of Abu Mahthurah but the correct opinion which the proofs point to is the iqaamah of Bilaal may Allah be please with him) . In Sahih Bukhari, Anas may Allah be please with him) narrated that the

Prophet commanded Bilaal to make the athaan even and the iqaamah odd. Meaning the statements are two by two or one by one. The athaan is the call for the distant so there’s a need for more words while the iqaamah is the call for the ones who are present so the words are decreased.

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