History Of Philosophy in Islam pdf download

History Of Philosophy in Islam – Translated with The Sanction of The Author Edward R. Jones B.D.

The following is the first attempt which has been made, since the appearance of Munk’s excellent sketch ‘, to present in the connected form a History of Philosophy in Islam.

This work of mine may therefore be regarded as a fresh initiation, not completion of such a task. I could not know of all that had been done by others, in the way of a preliminary study in this field; and when I did know of the existence of such material, it was not always accessible to me.

HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY IN ISLAM – TRANSLATED WITH THE SANCTION OF THE AUTHOR EDWARD R. JONES B.D.

As for manuscript assistance, it was only in exceptional cases that this was at my disposal. Conforming to the conditions which I had to meet, I have in the following account refrained from stating my authority.

But anything which I may have taken over, nearly word for word or without testing it, I have marked in foot-references. For the rest, I deeply regret that I cannot duly indicate at present how much I owe, as regards appreciation of the sources, to men like Dieterich, de Goeje, Goldziher, Houtsma, Aug. Müller, Munk, Nöldeke, Renan, Snouck Ilurgronje, van Vloten, and many, many others. Since the completion of this volume an interesting monograph on Ibn Sina · has appeared, which farther extends )

Ethical teaching

The believing Muslim, in so far as custom did not maintain its dominion over him, the lad at first the Word of God and the example of his Prophet is his rule of conduct and opinion. After the Prophet’s death, the Sunna of Mohammed was followed, in cases where the Koran gave no information, that is to say, men acted and decided, ils Mohammed bad (received or acted, according to 10 the Tradition of his Companions. But from the time of the conquest of countries in possession of an old civilization, demands which were altogether new were made of Islam.

Instead of the simple conditions of Arab lite, villages and institutions were met with there, in regard to which the Sacred Law give no precise direction, and to meet which 110 tradition or interpretation of tradition presented itself. Every day added this to the number of individual cases which had not been provided for, and yet about which one had to come to il decision, whether according to custom, or his own sense of right.

In the old-Roman provinces, Syria and Mesopotamia, Roman law must have long continued to exercise an important influence. Those jurists who attributed to their own opinion (Riy, opinio) alongside of the Koran and Suma, il subsidiary authority to determine the law, were called Adherents of the Rit’y?

One of them, Abu Hanifa of Kufa († 767), the founder of the Ilanitite School, became especially famous. But even in Medina, before the appearance of the school of Malik (715–795), ils well as in that school, a harmless though restricted deference was at first paid to the Ra’y. By slow (legree’s, however, and in the course of opposing >