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Islamic Science and the Making of the European Renaissance pdf

George Saliba-Islamic Science and the Making of the European Renaissance (Transformations_ Studies in the History of Science and Tec.pdf
book-icon-openmaktabaBook Title: Islamic Science and the Making of the European Renaissance
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Question of Beginnings I9being of about the same quality as the contemporary Byzantine sourcesfrom which they seem to have derived their inspiration. rer Byzantine subjects, as the Syriac-speaking subjects were, know more than the more sophisticated and muchricher Byzantine overlords?In fact we get echoes of this social class distinction, and the enmities thatwent with it, from the works of Severus Sebokht himself, who does not shyaway from bragging against the Byzantine Greeks by asserting that his ownancestry extended all the way back to Babylonia, and that there were othernations, like the Indians, who could outsmart the Greeks in science. 8cites as evidence of the Indians’ superiority their knowledge of the decimalsystem, with which, he says, “they calculate with nine figures only.” 19All this evidence illustrates that the Syriac route of transmission, at leastduring pre-lslamic and early Islamic times, could not have been much morereliable than the contact or the pocket theory of transmission. And yet therise of the more sophisticated Islamic scientific tradition in early Islamictimes owes a great deal to the acquisition of the Greek scientific legacy andthe direct translations of major classical Greek scientific and philosophicaltexts. How did this happen? The following chapter will, I hope, shed somelight on this. aving resorted to the three methods of transmission that are often men-tioned by the proponents of the classical narrative, we find ourselves at aloss to explain how this transmission took place. This, to say nothing of themotivation of the early Abbasid caliphs for the acquisition of these ancientsciences, which had been already abandoned for about 700 years beforethose early Abbasids began to translate them. Why the sudden awakening?And why were the Abbasids so motivated toward the beginning of the ninthcentury to finance, patronize, and undertake such a major operation, oreven make it “a regular state activity, “2 as is often stressed by the classicalnarrative but rarely explained? It is hoped that the following chapter willshed some light on this subject too. he early Abbasids’ involvement in the activity of transmission remainsto be explained, even if all those problems regarding the manner in whichthe “ancient sciences” were transmitted to the Islamic civilization were allresolved once and for all, and even if the classical narrative that generatedthem was abandoned. For there would still remain a second and more

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