Notes on the science of Hadeeth pdf download

Notes on the science of Hadeeth

NOTES ON THE SCIENCE OF HADEETH

The author says: The Prophet said ((May Allaah make a person happy who hears something from us and transmits it as he heard it, since perhaps the one whom it reaches comprehends it better than the one who heard it.)) [Saheeh: Ahmad, at-Tirmidhee and lbn Hibbaan from lbn Mas’ood).

lmaam Muslim reports in the introduction of his “Saheeh” that lbn Seereen – the famous taabi’ee – said: “They never used to ask about the isnaad, but when the civil war broke out, they said: Name to us your narrators, those who belonged to Ahlus- Sunnah, their ahadeeth are accepted and those who are innovators, their ahadeeth are rejected.”

The most famous books on the subject:

1) “al-Muhaddithul Faasil baynar-Raawee wal Waa’ee”

– al-Qaadee Aboo Muhammad al-Hasan ibn ‘Abdir-Rahmaan ar-Raamahurmuzee (d.360H). First book devoted exclusively to the subject.

2) “Ma’rifat ‘Uloomul-Hadeeth”

– Aboo ‘Abdillaah Muhammad ibn ‘Abdillaah al-Haakim an-Neesaabooree (d.405H).

3) “al-Mustakhraj ‘alaa Ma’rifatil ‘Uloomil-Hadeeth”

– Aboo Nu’aym al-lsbahaanee (d.430H).

4) “al-Kifaayah fee ‘llmir-Riwaayah”

– Aboo Bakar Ahmad ibn ‘Alee ibn Thaabit al-Khateeb al-Baghdaadee (d.463H).

5) “al-Jaami’ li.akhlaaqir-Raawee wa Aadaabis-Saami'”

– al-Khateeb al-Baghdaadee.

6) “al-llmaa’ ilaa ma’rifat ‘Usoolir-Riwaayah wat-Taqyeedis Samaa'”

– al-Qaadee ‘lyaad ibn Moosaa al-Yahsibee (d.544H).

7) “Maa laa Yasa’ul-Muhadditha Jahluhu”

– Aboo Hafs ‘Umar ibn ‘Abdil-Majeed al-Mayaanajee (d. 580H).

8) ‘Uloomul-Hadeeth”

– Aboo ‘Amr ‘Uthmaan ibn ‘Abdir-Rahmaan ash-Shahrazooree: lbnus-Salaah (d.643H). One of the best books, commonly known as “Muqaddimmah lbnus-Salaah”

9) “at-Taqreeb wat-Tayseer li-ma’rifat Sunanil Basheerin-Nadheer”

– Muheeyuddeen Yahyaa ibn Sharaf an Nawawee (d.676H).

10) “Tadreebur-Raawee fee Sharh Taqreebin-Nawawee”

– Jalaaluddeen ‘Abdur-Rahmaan ibn Abee Bakar as-Suyootee (d.911H).

11) “Nazmud-Durar fee ‘llmil Athar”

– Zainuddeen ‘Abdur-Raheem ibn al-Husayn al-‘lraaqee (d.806H).

12) “Fat-hul Mugheeth fee Sharh Alfiyyatil Hadeeth”

– Muhammad ibn ‘Abdir-Rahmaan as-Sakhaawee (d.902H).

13) “Nukhbatul Fikr fee Mustalah Ahlil Athar”

– al-Haafiz ibn Hajar al-‘Asqalaanee (d.852H).

14) al-Manzoomatul Baiqooniyyah”

– ‘Umar ibn Muhammad al-Baiqoonee (d.1080H).

15) “Qawaa’idut-Tahdeeth”

– Jamaaluddeen al-Qaasimee (d.1332H).

Initial definitions:

 ilmul mustalah

• The knowledge of the principles and rules by which the state of the isnaad (chain) and the text (matan) may be known as regards acceptance or rejection. lt’s usefulness therefore lies in its making possible the distinction between authentic and weak hadeeth

al-hadeeth –           

Linguistically   –     Something new

Technically       –     That which is attributed to the Prophet as regards words, actions or tacit approval, physical features and characteristics

al-khabar –

Linguistically  –      News

Technically      –      There are three sayings :

1. lt is the same as “al-hadeeth”
   1. That which is related from other than the Prophet, and
   1. That related from the Prophet or other than Him

al-athar –       

Linguistically  –      A remnant

Technically      –      There are two sayings :

1. lt is the same as “al-hadeeth”, and
2. Sayings and actions attributed to the Companions and Taabi’een

al-isnaad –  

• Has two meanings:
  • Ascribing the hadeeth back to the one who said it – connecting the chain of narration, and
  • The chain of narrators which reaches back to the text – which is the same as “as-sanad”

as-sanad –

Linguistically   –     A support

Technically       –     The chain of narrators which reaches the text

 al-matan –

Linguistically   –     A hard protruding part of the earth

Technically       –     That which the chain of narration ends at (the text)

al-musnad –

Linguistically –      That which has been attributed to someone

Technically      –     lt has three meanings :

1. Every book arranged according to the narration’s of each Companion separately
2. The hadeeth which is traced back to the Prophet (�), (marfoo’) with a connected isnaad (muttasil), and
3. The “sanad”

al-musnid.   

–     He who narrates the hadeeth with its isnaad

al-muhaddith –

–     He who occupies himself with the science of hadeeth – with both the sciences of the texts and the chains of narration – and he knows a great many narrations and the condition of their narrators

• There are two sayings :
• He is the same as the muhaddith, and
• He is of a higher standard – such that what he knows at every stage is more than what he does not know

al-haakim .   

–      He who has knowledge comprehending almost all of the ahaadeeth such that only a very few escape him

Classification of the hadeeth as regards the state in which it reaches us:

So if it has many chains of narration – without a particular limit – then it is mutawaatir – ·

And if its chains of narration are limited to a particular number – then it is al-aahaad –

al-mutawaatir –