subsequent generations of francophone authors (preoccupied with recovering the literary legacy of the vernacular languages from which they were textually estranged, and facing the urgent need to experimentally transcribe vernaculars in the roman alphabet) suggests the extent to which the textually orphaned language, a local language displaced from its conventional script, may have been an indirect and historically aberrant byproduct of aggressive colonial language policies in French West Africa.
This condition of language use may have in part influenced the extreme, at times oppositional emphasis on the oral tradition as a recuperative medium for subsequent generations of francophone authors (as the oral tradition, when linguistic access to its transcribed alternatives was displaced, was all that remained in high visibility for the literate writer after the institutional expansion of French and its roman alphabet).
sibility: given that efforts to conventionally transcribe and offcially codify native languages in the roman alphabet did not begin until 1968 and in some cases continue unresolved,Xll for generations of francophone authors in the twentieth century, linguistic policies established in the name of French literacy (and for the purposes of delimiting Arabic language use as a politically radicalizing force) were in part creating or promoting textual illiteracy where native language use was concerned.
(For comparative purposes, the romanization of local languages in Indonesia, also previously written in Arabic script, and the comparative process of their literary transference from the Arabic script to the Latin script (particularly with Malay) will also be considered in the second case study of the dissertation (chapters 4-6). ) This hypothesis should nonetheless be read in light of the following qualification.
Given that illiteracy was undeniably a widespread problem in French West Africa, the notion of a Lienau 20