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Sectarian trend of tafsir – A case study of Qadiriyyah and Tijjaniyyah in Nortern Nigeria

SECTARIAN TREND OF TAFSIR

Northern Nigeria’s two biggest Sufi orders are the Qadiriyyah and the Tijjaniyyah. With the arrival of Sheikh Abdulkarim al-Maghili in the fifteenth century, the Qadiriyyah made its way into Hausaland. In the nineteenth century, it became widely known after the advent of the Sokoto jihad movement and the subsequent formation of the Sokoto caliphate.

The Tijjaniyah, on the other hand, had infiltrated northern Nigeria with the arrival of Sheikh Umar al Futi (1794-1864), with others claiming that there were Tjjanis at Madabo quarters in Kano prior to Sheikh Umar al Futi’s entrance.

As the number of members of these orders grew, a political battle arose between them. Each trying to dominate or supersede the other.

Pamphlets on the karamat and excellence of the founder of each Tariqah in an attempt to supersede the other were in circulation.

The criticism of Sheikh Abubakar Gummi against the doctrines and practices of Sufi orders in northern Nigeria served as a major unifying factor for the Tijjaniyyah and the Qadiriyyah followers.

Both the Qadiriyyah and the Tijjaniyyah ulama now resorted to writing a rejoinder against the book The Right Belief is in the Following of the Shariah written by Sheikh Abubakar Gummi on the attack on Sufism in general and the Qadiriyyah and the Tijjaniyyah in particular.

Sheikh Maraya was trying to show that the claim of Yan Izalah that they derived their source of condemning Tariqah from the teachings of Ibn Taymiyyah, Ibn Abdul Wahab, Uthman ibn Fodio, Muhammad Bello and Abdull ahi Gwandu was false and baseless