the islamic traditions of cirebon pdf download

The Islamic traditions of cirebon

Ibadat and adat among Javanese Muslims – A. G. Muhaimin

THE ISLAMIC TRADITIONS OF CIREBON

Book Preface

This work contains many terms comprised of both precise and corrupted (Javanised) Arabic. In this context, the transliteration issue is rather problematic.

At the academic level, there are, currently, no less than nine Latin-Arabic transliteration systems known in Indonesia.

Among these systems two are worth mentioning: (a) the system announced by the Ministry of Religious Affairs in 1979 and (b) the system announced jointly by the Minister of Religious Affairs and the Minister of Education and Culture in 1987.

The former legitimated the predominating contemporary transliteration system, the latter considered a much wider spectrum, including the systems used by the Encyclopaedia of Islam, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the American Library Association and the Library of Congress.

The immediate aim of the 1987 joint decree system was twofold: precision and practicality in the sense that within one stroke of writing (typing) a transliteration symbol can be produced which represents a precise Arabic sound.

Unfortunately, this practical aim, in particular, was difficult to be achieved. Until now there is not a typewriter or computer which meets this practical need. The result is that the older systems, especially the 1979 system, are widely used with some inconsistent degree of application.

At the popular level inconsistency is even greater because at this level Latin-Arabic transliteration is dictated more by common sense and common understanding where most people rely more on context than on symbols. A