The Rightly-Guided Caliph and Great Reviver ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz pdf

Book Title:	The Rightly-Guided Caliph and Great Reviver ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz
Book Author:	Ali Muhammad as-Sallabi
Book Pages:	733
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Language:	English
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 The Rightly-Guided Caliph and Great Reviver ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz

The Rightly-Guided Caliph and Great Reviver ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz

Book Description

The Rightly-Guided Caliph and Great Reviver ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz Indicators of Renewal & Guided Reformation on the Prophetic Path by Dr. Ali Muhammad As-Sallabi is a comprehensive and detailed biography of ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz, who was a prominent figure in Islamic history, known for his virtues, righteousness, and dedication to the reformation of his State and the restoration of Islamic principles in all aspects of his life.

This book is a detailed account of ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz’s life from birth to the end of his reign as Caliph. The author provides a wide range of content matter, including religious treatises, political manifestos, and poems, to give readers a complete picture of the Great Reviver’s life and works. As a result, the book covers a wide range of topics related to Islamic history, governance, and spirituality.

The book begins with an introduction by the translator and a foreword by the author. In the introduction, the translator shares her experience of translating the book, while the foreword provides background information about the author and the importance of the book’s subject matter.

The book is divided into three parts. Part one covers the era of the Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz, his name, title, and family, his upbringing, early dedication to the pursuit of knowledge, and contribution of his social environment to his character. Part two covers ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz’s role during the caliphate of Al-Walĩd bin ‘Abd al-Malik and his approach to administering the State. Finally, Part three covers the Great Reviver’s most important traits and characteristics of revival and the indicators of ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz’s revival.

The author provides extensive details and in-depth analysis of the subject matter of each part and examines the historical, religious, and political context in which ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz lived and worked. Readers can gain an understanding of the challenges he faced, his struggles, and how he overcame them. The book also explores how ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz made the principles of the Qur’an and the Sunnah the basis of his administration and implemented justice, equality, and human rights in his State, thus serving as an excellent model of Islamic governance.

The book addresses various Islamic concepts, such as Zakat (Prescribed Alms) revenues, non-Muslims living under Muslim rule, and freedom of commerce and trade. The book also delves into the criteria and qualities of a Mujaddid or Renewer of the Islamic faith, a title that ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz has been awarded.

Some of Book Contents:

• PART I: THE ERA OF THE AMTR AL-MU’MINTN, ‘UMAR BIN ‘ABO AL-‘AZTZ
  • His Name, Title, Epithet and Family
  • His Father
  • His Mother
  • Birthdate and place (61 AH, al-Madinah)
  • “The Mark of the Umayyad Tribe”
  • Siblings
  • Children
  • Wives
  • Physical Features
  • Factors that Contributed to Shaping ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz’s Personality
  • Family Life
  • Early Dedication to the Pursuit of Knowledge and Memorization of the Holy Qur’an
  • Social Environment
  • Learning at the Hands of al-Madinah’s Senior Fuqaha’ (Jurists) and Scholars
  • Knowledgeable Status

• PART II: ‘UMAR DURING THE CALIPHATE OF AL-WALlD BIN ‘ABO AL-MALIK
  • The Shura (Consultation) Council of ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz
  • The Unfortunate Incident of ‘Umar’s Governorship
  • The Lesson of Mazalim for ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz
  • The Ordeal between ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz and al-Hajjaj bin Yusuf during al-Walid’s Caliphate
  • ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘ Aziz’s Return to Damascus
  • ‘Umar’s Advice to al-Walid to Restrain the Killing Power of His Officials
  • ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz’s View on Dealing with the Kharijites
  • Counseling al-Walid on the Subject of Deposing Sulayman and Pledging Allegiance to His Son
  • The Reason’s For Sulayman’s Closeness to ‘Umar
  • His Contestation with Sulayman bin ‘Abd al-Malik over the Latter’s Enactment of His Father’s Deed
  • His Contestation with Sulayman bin ‘Abd al-Malik over Spending
  • ‘Umar’s Urging Sulayman to Restore the Rights of the Aggrieved
  • “I see a world devouring one another”
  • “These will be your adversaries on the Day of Judgment”
  • Zayd bin Al-Hasan bin ‘AIi and Sulayman
  • THE CALIPHATE OF ‘UMAR BIN ‘ABD AL-‘AZiZ
  • ‘Umar’s Approach to Administering the State According to His First Sermon
  • Adherence to the Qur’an and Sunnah (Prophetic Tradition)
  • The Presence of Shura (Consultation) within ‘Umar’s State
  • Justice within ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz’s State
  • His Policy on Redressing Grievances
  • Returning the Illegally Appropriated Property of the Umayyad Family
  • The Umayyad Family Resort to Calm Dialogue
  • The Umayyad Family Send ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz’z Paternal Aunt
  • The Disappearance of Collective Umayyad Resistance
  • Restoring Rights to their Owners
  • His Dismissal of All Unjust Governors and Commanders
  • Compensating All Injustices Committed Against Converts
  • Relieving the Ahl adh-Dhimmah (Non-Muslims Living under Muslim Rule) from Injustices
  • The Establishment of Justice for the People of Samarkand
  • His Approval of Sufficient Proof in Compensating the Aggrieved
  • Lifting Unlawful Taxes
  • Compensating from the Zakat (Prescribed Alms)
  • Prohibiting Prodding Animals with Iron Rods and Overburdening their Loads
  • Fixing the Load of Camels to Six-Hundred Roff (a weight equal to approx. 3.202 kg)
  • Equality
  • Freedoms within ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz’s State
  • Intellectual and Religious Freedom
  • Political Freedom
  • Personal Freedom
  • Freedom of Trade and Commerce

• PART III: HIS MOST IMPORTANT TRAITS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF REVIVAL
  • His Most Important Traits
  • Profound Fear of Allah, the Sublime
  • Asceticism
  • Complete Certainty of Who We Are
  • This is the Dunya (World)
  • The End is Near
  • The Akhirah (Hereafter) is Everlasting
  • Humility
  • Piety
  • Discipline
  • Clemency, Forgiveness, and Mercy
  • Patience
  • Resoluteness
  • Justice
  • Invocating and supplicating to Allah and Allah’s Answering His Prayers
  • THE INDICATORS OF ‘UMAR BIN ‘ABO AL-‘AZIZ’S REVIVAL
  • ‘Umar’s Reforms and Acts of Renewal
  • Shara (Consultation)
  • Fidelity in Ruling and Delegating Trustees
  • The Principle of Justice
  • His Revival of the Principle of Enjoining Good and Forbidding Evil
  • The Criteria and Qualities of a Mujaddid (Reviver; Renewer)
  • He must be known to have sound ‘aqTdah (doctrine of faith)
  • He must be a diligent scholar qualified to issue independent legal rulings
  • His renewal includes the field of thought and behavior in society
  • His benefits prevail over the people of his time
  • The Saying of the Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): “At the turn of every century, Allah will send a person to rectify the religious affairs of this Ummah”
  • “Allah will send to this Ummah”
  • “At the turn of every century”
  • Is it a requisite of a Mujaddid for his death to occur before the end of the century?
  • Is the Mujaddid of the century one person or multiple people?
  • The Mujaddid renews “the Religion of the Ummah” and not the Religion itself

• PART IV: THE IMPORTANCE ‘UMAR BIN ‘ABO AL-‘AZTZ ATTACHED TO THE CREED OF THE AHL AS-SUNNAH
  • Tawhid al-Uluhiyyah (the Oneness of Allah)
  • Du’a’ (Supplication)
  • Thankfulness
  • Trust
  • Fear and Hope
  • ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz’s Belief in the Most Beautiful Names of Allah
  • The Names of Allah are Eternal
  • Allah’s Names are ‘Tawqifiyyah’
  • Allah’s Names belong to Him Alone
  • The Meaning of ar-Rabb (the Lord)

• The Meaning of al-Hayy (the Ever Living One)
• The Meaning of al-Qahhar (the One, the Subduer)
• The Meaning of al-‘Ali al-‘Azam (the Highest, the Magnificent)
• ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz’s Belief in the Attributes of Allah, the Exalted
• Being (Self)
• The Face of Allah, the Sublime
• The Power of Allah, the Sublime
• ‘Umar’s Prohibition on Taking Graves as Places of Worship
• The Concept of Faith according to ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz
• Belief in the Last Day
• The Torture and Bliss of the Grave
• Belief in Mi’ad (Resurrection) and that Allah Will Come Down to Judge
• Al-MTzan (Balance; Scales)
• Al-Hawdh (The Pool in Paradise)
• As-Sirat (The Bridge)
• Al-Jannah (Paradise) and an-Nar (Hellfire)
• The Believers Will See their Lord in Jannah
• ADHERENCE TO THE BOOK, PROPHETIC SUNNAH AND THE SUNNAH OF THE RIGHTLY-GUIDED CALIPHS
• Following the Book and Sunnah
• Adhering to the Sunnah of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs
• Clinging to the Fitrah (Natural Disposition)
• His Position in relation to the Sahabah (Companions) and the Disagreement between them
• His Position in relation to the Ahl al-Bayt (Family of the Prophet, may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
• ‘UMAR’S STANCE ON THE KHARIJITES, SHl’ITES, QADARIYYAH, MURJITES, AND JAHMITES
• The Kharijites
• His Stance on the Kharijites Dissention from Him
• His Dialogue with the Kharijites
• The Leading Causes for Fighting the Kharijites
• Returning the Property of the Kharijites to its Owners
• Imprisoning Kharijite Captives until They Turned Good
• The Shi’ites
• The Qadariyyah during the Era of ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz
• The Original Claim of ‘Qadar’ in Islam
• The Emergence of a Succession of Groups and their Contentions in the First Century up until the Qadariyyah
• The Qadariyyah’s First Appearance
• ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz’s Stance on Ghaylan ad-Damashiq
• Affirming the Categories of Qadar (Decree)
• Knowledge
• “Written Down”
• Will
• Creation (Bringing into Being)
• The Difference between the Terms Qadar (Decree) and Qaza’ (Fate)
• Being Satisfied with Qaza’ and Qadar
• The Murjites
• The Jahmites
• The Mu’tazilites
• The Establishment of the Mu’tazilite Sect and the Origin of its Name
• The Sub-Sects among the Mu’tazilites
• The Role of the Mu’tazilites in Reviving the Doctrines of Former Sects
• What did they adopt from the Kharijites?
• Sentencing a Grave Sinner
• Dissidence from Unjust Leaders
• The Case of Interpretation

• Part I: Theological Debates
  • The Qadariyyah
  • The Jahmites
  • Negating the Attributes
  • The Doctrine of the Createdness of the Qur’an and Negating the Sight of Allah
  • The Five Tenets of the Mu’tazilite Teaching
• Part II: ‘Umar’s Social, Intellectual, and Religious Life
  • His Social Life
  • The Attention He Gave To His Family and Children
  • Attaching them to the Holy Qur’an
  • Imparting Advice to Them
  • Promoting Tolerance and Good Opinion
  • Lenient Behaviour and Intelligent Conversation
  • Being Observantly Just with Them
  • Cultivating Fine Manners and Etiquettes in Them
  • Teaching His Children about Asceticism and Prudence in Life
  • The Importance He Attached to His Children’s Education
  • Choosing a Righteous Teacher and Mentor
  • Outlining the Teaching Programme
  • Outlining the Method of Cultivating Manners and Directing
  • Specifying the Times and Priorities for Teaching
  • Observing the Effects of Teaching
  • The Results of ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz’s Programme on His Children’s Education
  • His Worship and Crying
  • His Knowledge, Legal Insight and Understanding
  • Reminding His Father of Death
  • His Resolve in the Religion and Strength in Executing the Truth
  • His Sickness and Death
  • His Life with the People
  • His Concern for Reforming Society
  • Reminding People of the Akhirah (Hereafter)
  • Correcting Misconceptions
  • His Disavowal of Tribalism
  • His Objection to Standing in His Presence
  • His Acknowledgment of Virtuous People
  • A Poor Egyptian Woman Complains to ‘Umar
  • His Concern for Ransoming Captives
  • Wiping the Debts of the Insolvent
  • News of the Blind Captive being Held by the Byzantines
  • The Iraqi Woman’s Daughters were Allocated Money from the Bayt al-Mal
  • His Revival of the Sunnah of Welfare
  • Enhancing the Wealth of the Needy
  • Paying Bridal Dowries from the Bayt al-Mal
  • His Attempts to Narrow the Gaps between the Social Classes
  • The Great Sense of Responsibility He Felt Towards All Members of Society
  • Spending on the Dhimmr (Non-Muslim Living under Muslim Rule) if He had Reached Old Age but Possessed No Money
  • Eating With People of the Book
  • ‘Umar and Poets
  • Being Influenced by Ascetic Poetry and His Relationship with Sabiq al-Barbari
  • The Qualities of ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz’s Social Reform
  • Exemplary
  • Measured and Gradual Change
  • Understanding Human Beings
  • Prioritisation
  • A Clear Vision of His Reformative Measures
  • His Compliance with the Qur’an and the Prophetic Sunnah
  • ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz and the Scholars
  • Their Close Contact with the Caliph and His Strong Determination to Pursue His Programme of Reform
  • Their Obligation to ‘Umar to Advice and Remind Him of His Responsibility
  • Their Input in Selecting Officials and Filling Various State Positions
  • Intellectual Schools during the Reign of ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz and the Umayyad State
  • The School of ash-Sham (the Levant)
  • The Jurist, Qabiah bin Dhu’wayb ad-Damashqi
  • Raja’ bin Haywah al-Filistini
  • MakbuI ash-Shami ad-Damashqi
  • ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz
  • Bilal bin Sa’ad as-Sakuni
  • The Madinan School
  • The Makkan School
  • The School of Basrah
  • The School of al-Kufah
  • The Yemeni School
  • The Egyptian School
  • The School of North Africa

• Part III: The Tabi’in Method of Qur’an Exegesis
  • The Qur’an Explained by the Qur’an
  • The Intertextuality of the Holy Qur’an
  • Drawing Similar Comparisons
  • Putting Significance on Interpreting by Context
  • Clarifying Generalisations
  • Explaining the General with the Specific
  • Adequate Interpretation
  • Clarifying Ambiguities
  • Showing the Meaning of a Word or Clarifying a Problem
  • The Qur’an Explained by the Sunnah (Prophetic Example)
  • The Qur’an Explained by the Sayings of the Companions
  • The Arabic Language
  • Ijtihad (Independent Judgment)

• Part IV: The Efforts of ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz and the Tabi’in in Serving the Sunnah
  • He wrote to the standing Governor of al-Madinah to inform his contemporaries
  • He wrote to the “Imam of Proof’, lbn Shihab az-Zuhri, regarding this matter
  • ‘Umar aimed his directives at all the people of al-Madinah
  • ‘Umar did not stop there; he transmitted orders to all countries
  • ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz’s Method and Practice of Documentation
  • His good choice of executors
  • He demanded those who documented the Sunnah to categorically collect the ahadith and codify them
  • He obligated documenters of the Sunnah to discern the genuine narrations from the adulterated ones
  • His verification of the authenticity of Hadith
  • The fruit of this documentation
  • The efforts of the Tabin in serving the noble prophetic Sunnah
  • Commitment to the Isnad (Chains of Narration)
  • Engaging in intellectual circles of knowledge
  • Observance of transmitting Hadith as they heard it
  • The development of scientific criteria for praising and criticizing the condition of narrators

• Part V: A Case Study: The Tabi’in Method of Purification and Conduct at the School of Al-Hasan Al-Basri
  • Al-Hasan Al-Basri during the Reign of ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz and the Umayyad State
  • The Reasons for His Impression on People’s Hearts
  • A Glimpse at the Prophetic ‘Tasawwuf’ (‘Mysticism’) of Al-Hasan Al-Basri
  • Hardening of the Heart, its Life and Lifelessness
  • Immersing the heart and tongue in much remembrance of Allah
  • Profuse Remembrance of Death
  • Visiting the Graves to Reflect on the State of its Inhabitants
  • His Insistence on Sincerity, Obedience to Allah and Self Reflection
  • Sincerity
  • Obedience to Allah
  • Contemplation and Meditation
  • Knowledge and the Scholars
  • His Condemnation of Long-Term Hope and Disapproval of Arrogance
  • Disciples of Al-Hasan Al-Basri Famous for their Knowledge of the Path of Longing
  • Ayyub as-Sakhtiyan
  • Malik bin Dinar
  • Muhammad bin Wasi’
  • Al-Hasan al-Basri’s Disavowal of “Separation”
  • The “Just Leader” in the View of Al-Hasan Al-Basri
  • Al-Hasan Al-Basri Describes the World to ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz
  • His Stance on the Revolutions that Happened During His Era
  • “How Does a Nation Err with Someone Like This in Their Midst?!”
  • The Death of Al-Hasan Al-Basri
• Part VI: Conquests and Lifting the Siege of Constantinople
• Part VII: The Importance of Comprehensive Da’wah (Inviting to Islam)
  • Enacting Laws Dedicated to Da’wah
  • Encouraging Scholars to Openly Spread Knowledge
  • Directing the Ummah to the Importance of Knowledge
  • Dispatching Devout Scholars to North Africa
  • His Letters of Exhortation to India’s Nobility and Others
  • Encouraging Non-Muslims to Accept Islam
  • Resolving the Special Case of the Ahl adh-Dhimmah (Non-Muslims living under Muslim Rule)
• Part VIII: Fiscal Reforms during the Reign of ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz
  • Strict Adherence to the Book and Sunnah
  • Enforcing the Values of Truth, Justice and Expelling Injustice
  • ‘Umar’s Political and Economic Goals
  • Fair Redistribution of Income and Wealth
  • ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz’s Strategies for Realising the State’s Economic Goals
  • Creating a Sustainable Environment for Growth
  • The restoration of rights
  • Generating regulated economic freedom
  • Adopting a New Agricultural Policy
  • Prohibiting the sale of foreign land
  • Caring for farmers and relieving taxes due on them
  • Revitalising and Cultivating Barren Land
  • ‘Umar and Mineral Sources
  • Launching Infrastructural Projects

“This book with title: The Rightly-Guided Caliph and Great Reviver ‘Umar bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz, was posted under a Creative Commons license or with the author’s or publisher’s permission when I obtained it from archive.org. If you have any concerns about the book’s copyright, get in touch with us”.