Al-mu’ayyad Al-shirazi And Fatimid Da’wa Poetry

Al-mu’ayyad Al-shirazi And Fatimid Da’wa Poetry: A Case Of Commitment In Classical Arabic Literature (Islamic History and Civilization)

AL-MU’AYYAD AL-SHIRAZI AND FATIMID DA’WA POETRY – Book Sample

CONTENTS – AL-MU’AYYAD AL-SHIRAZI AND FATIMID DA’WA POETRY

• List of Tables and Maps .. xi
• Acknowledgements … xiii
• Introduction … 1
• Manuscript History of al-Mu”ayyad’s Dìwàn . 12
• Chapter One Al-Mu”ayyad’s Life and Career in the Da’wa 15
• Fars: Lineage, Background and Early Life, 386/87–429 (996/97–1038) … 17
• Fars to Cairo: At the Buyid Court, 429–436/37 (1038–1045/46) … 24
• Cairo: At the Fatimid Court of al-Mustanßir, 436/37–448
• (1045/46–1056) … 56
• The Beginning of the Basàsìrì Episode . 67
• Syria: The Basàsìrì Episode and the Conquest of
• Baghdad, 448–450 (1056–1058) .. 68
• Cairo: Al-Mu”ayyad Dà’ì al-Du’àt, Bàb al-Abwàb,
• 450–470 (1058–1078) .. 77
• Chapter Two Al-Mu”ayyad’s Poetic Style: Tradition and Innovation … 101
• Formal Aspects … 102
• Length … 102
• Form … 102
• Rhyme … 103
• Meter … 103
• Genre … 104
• Miscellaneous … 104
• Imagery … 105
• Metaphor as Manifestation: Religious Symbolism and
• the “mathal–mamthùl ” Creed .. 105
• Imagery of Light .. 112
• Egyptian Images .. 115
• Conventional Imagery: A Reflection of Life in the
• Eleventh Century Islamic World .. 117
• fi s … 119
• viii contents
• Wordplay … 121
• Paronomasia … 122
• Antithesis … 124
• Poetic Repetition .. 125
• Radd al-‘ajuz ‘alà al-ßadr .. 128
• Miscellaneous Style Issues .. 130
• Persianisms … 130
• Poetic Dialogue … 131
• Rhetorical Questions .. 134
• Qur”ànic and Other Allusions .. 137
• Chapter Three Praise of the Imam .. 143
• Motifs: Fatimid Concepts of the Imamate . 146
• Descent from the Prophet Mu˙ammad and His Legatee
• ‘Alì, and the Concept of the Continuity of the
• Imamate (tasalsul ) and Explicit Designation (naßß) . 149
• The Imam’s Servitude to and Representation
• of God … 154
• The Imam’s Attributes and Functions . 156
• The Imam’s Role Vis-à-vis the Prophets, and His
• Similarity to Jesus .. 163
• The Qur”àn’s Praise of the Imam .. 166
• The Imam’s Titles .. 167
• The Regard and Acts Mandatory upon Mankind
• Vis-à-vis the Imam .. 168
• The Condition of the Imam’s Followers and Enemies in
• This World and the Next .. 170
• Preludes … 172
• Yearning towards the Homeland (al-˙anìn ilà al-wa†an):
• The Imam as Consolation .. 175
• Love Themes (nasìb): The Imam as True Beloved . 180
• Old Age and Youth (al-shayb wa al-shabàb): The Imam
• as Refuge in the Hereafter .. 185
• Censure of Fate (al-shakwà min al-dahr): The Imam as Protection from Its Vicissitudes .. 185
• Closures … 191
• Plea for Succor to the Imam (iltijà”) . 192
• Blessing and Prayer for the Imam (ßalawàt and salàm) . 194
• The Poet’s Signature-Verse (takhalluß) . 198
• contents ix
• Literary Analysis of One Praise Poem: “O Progeny of
• Mu߆afà” … 200
• Poem and Translation .. 200
• Date of the Poem’s Composition .. 208
• Formal Aspects … 208
• Analysis … 209
• Chapter Four Other Genres .. 219
• Munàjàt: Communion with God .. 220
• Development of the munàjàt Genre in Prose and
• Poetry … 222
• Analysis of al-Mu”ayyad’s munàjàt Poems Composed to Commune with God .. 226
• Disputational-Heresiographical Verse .. 235
• Development of the Disputational Verse Genre . 237
• Purpose and Method of al-Mu”ayyad’s Disputational
• Verse … 239
• Formal Aspects, Style, and Specialized Terminology . 242
• Rational Thinking, the Need for tàwìl and Its
• Explicator … 245
• Poetry Describing the Poet’s Condition and Stature . 257
• Pathos … 257
• Personality … 265
• Chapter Five Al-Mu”ayyad’s Motivation and Audience . 273
• Motives … 274
• Religio-Political Motivation .. 275
• Purely Religious Motivation .. 288
• Emotional Motivation .. 292
• Audience Contemporary to the Poet .. 294
• Chapter Six Al-Mu”ayyad’s Poetry in the ˇayyibì Da’wa . 299
• Function in ˇayyibì Ritual Liturgy .. 303
• Munàjàt … 305
• Iltijà” … 306
• Madì˙ and salàm .. 307
• “Qàfiya” Competition .. 310
• Function in ˇayyibì Religious Education . 311
• Influence on ˇayyibì Poetry .. 313
• x contents
• Appendices … 335
• Chronological Analysis of al-Mu”ayyad’s Dìwàn . 337
• Poem-by-Poem Dating and Locating of the Dìwàn . 338
• Manuscripts of al-Mu”ayyad’s Dìwàn . 352
• Contents and Arrangement .. 352
• The Manuscripts .. 353
• Al-Mu”ayyad’s Works .. 358
• Works of Certain Authorship .. 359
• Incorrect Ascriptions .. 364
• Historical Sources for the Study of al-Mu”ayyad’s Life 369
• i) The Decree of al-Mu”ayyad’s Investiture as Dà’ì
• al-Du’àt (Text and Translation) . 374
• ii) The Epistle of al-Mu”ayyad’s Recall from Exile and Reinstatement as Dà’ì al-Du’àt (Text and
• Translation) … 382
• Glossary: Fatimid and ˇayyibì Terms .. 387
• Bibliography … 389
• Primary Sources .. 389
• Secondary Sources .. 392
• General Index … 401
• Index of Poetry Translations .. 411
• Al-Mu”ayyad … 411
• Nàßir Khusrau … 412
• Sayyidnà ˇàhir Sayf al-Dìn .. 412

About the book  – AL-MU’AYYAD AL-SHIRAZI AND FATIMID DA’WA POETRY

Al-Muayyad al-Shirazi was a medieval Arabic-Islamic scholar and poet committed to the Fatimid religio-political ideology.

Chief missionary for their Caliph-Imams, he founded the dynamic tradition of “Fatimid da?wa (religious mission) poetry” that flourished after him for a thousand years through the succeeding ?ayyib? da?wa and continues to thrive today.

This study examines the manner in which al-Mu?ayyad’s mission informed the aesthetic rules, motifs, structures, genres, motives, addressees, and aspirations of his poetry. It analyzes the characteristics of al-Mu?ayyad’s verse that render it distinctive, above all, its use of a unique form of esoteric t?w?l-based religious symbolism—metaphor, in fact, as manifestation, where what appears to be metaphor is the theological reality of the Imam.

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