| An Explanation Of The Conditions Pillars And Requirements Of Prayer |
| Muhammad bin Abdul-Wahhaab |
| 241 |
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An Explanation of The Conditions, Pillars & Requirements of Prayer By Shaikh-ul-Islaam Muhammad bin ‘Abdil-Wahhaab Died 1206H] Explanation and Commentary by Shaikh Muhammad Amaan bin ‘Alee Al-Jaamee (D. 19161) & Shaikh ‘Abdul-Muhsin bin Hamad Al- Abbaad – Sample Book
An Explanation of The Conditions Pillars and Requirements of Prayer
The First Condition –
lslaam: Its opposite is disbelief. The actions of a disbeliever are not accepted (by Allaah) regardless of what good deed he may perform. The proof for this is Allaah’s saying: “It is not for the polytheists to maintain the mosques of Allaah while they witness against their own selves of disbelief. The works of such are in vain and in Hell will they abide forever.” [Surah At Tawbah: 17]
And Allaah’s saying: “And We shall turn to whatever deeds they {polytheists} did and make such deeds as scattered floating particles of dust.” [Surah AI-Furqaan: 23]
The Second Condition
Sanity: Its opposite is Insanity. As for the insane person, the pen (that records his deeds) is lifted from him until he regains sanity. The proof for this is the hadeeth: “The pen is lifted from three people: A person sleeping until he wakes up; an insane person until he regains sanity: and a child until he reaches the age of puberty.”
The Third Condition
Age of Maturity: Its opposite is childhood. Its extent is the age of seven. Then he should be ordered to pray. The proof for this is the Prophet’s saying: “Command your children to pray by {the age of} seven and beat them to it by {the age of} ten. And separate them in their beds.”
The Fourth Condition
Uplifting Ritual Impurity: This refers to the well-known ablution (wudoo). What makes ablution mandatory is hadath (ritual impurity). Its conditions are ten: (l) lslaam; (2)
Sanity; (3) Age of Maturity; (4) Intention; (5) Preserving its Status by not intending to stop it until one completes his ritual purity; (6) Removal of what makes ritual purity mandatory; (7) Cleansing the private parts; (8) Clean Water that is permissible to use; (9) Removing all things that prevent the water from reaching the skin; and (10) it must be the proper time for it. This applies to those who have a constant state of ritual impurity, due to its obligation.
As for its obligations, then they are six: ( 1) Washing the face, which includes rinsing the mouth (Madmadah) and inhaling water in the nose (/stinshaoq). Its boundaries are from where the hair of the head begins up to the chin, lengthwise, and up to the extremities of the ears, widthwise; (2) Washing the hands up to (and including) the elbows; (3) Wiping the entire head, which includes the ears (with water); (4) Washing the feet up to (and including) the ankles; (5) Maintaining this sequential order; and (6) Muwaalaat.
The proof for this is Allaah’s saying: “O you who believe! When you get up to pray, wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows. Wipe your heads (with water), and (wash) your feet up to the ankles.” [Surah AI-Maa’idah: 6]
The proof for maintaining the same sequential order (mentioned in the ayah) is the hadeeth: “Begin with what Allaah began with.”
The proof for Muwaalaat is the hadeeth of the man who left a spot unwashed. It was reported that one time the Prophet saw a man who had left a spot on his foot the size of a dirham, which water had not touched (after performing ablution). So he ordered him to go back and repeat it.
Its requirement is mentioning Allaah’s Name on the condition that one remembers to do it.
The things that nullify the ablution are eight: ( l) Whatever comes out from the two private parts; (2) Any foul impure substance that comes out from the body; (3) Loss of consciousness; (4) Touching a woman with sexual desire; (5) Touching one’s private part with the hand, whether the front or rear; (6) Eating the meat of camels; (7) Bathing a deceased person; and (8) Apostatizing from lslaam, may Allaah protect us from that!
The Fifth Condition
Removing Filth: This requires removing it from three things: From one’s body, from one’s garments and from the prayer area. The proof for this is Allaah’s saying: “And purify your garments.” [Surah AI-Muddathir: 4]
The Sixth Condition
Covering the ‘Awroh: The people of knowledge have unanimously agreed that the prayer of one who prays naked while having the ability (to clothe himself) is invalid. The boundaries of the ‘awrah for a man are from his navel to his knees, and the same for a female slave. As for a free woman, all of her body is ‘awrah except for her face. The proof for this is Allaah’s saying: “O Children of Aadam, take your adornment (by covering yourselves with clean clothes) in every masjid” [Surah AI-A’raaf: 31) Meaning: During every prayer.
The Seventh Condition
– Arrival of the Proper Time: The proof for this from the Sunnah is the hadeeth of Jibreel, peace be on him, when he lead the Prophet in prayer during its initial time and then during its last part, saying to him afterward: “O Muhammad, the prayer is between these two times.”
And Allaah’s statement: “Verily, the prayer is enjoined on the believers at fixed times.” [Surah An-Nisaa: 103) Meaning: Obligated at set times.
The proof that the prayers are to be done at set times is Allaah’s saying: “Establish the prayer from mid-day till the darkness of the night (i.e. Dhuhr, ‘Asr, Maghrib and ‘lshaa), and recite the Qur’aan in the early dawn (i.e. Fajr). Verily, the recitation of the Qur’aon in the early dawn is ever witnessed (by the angels).” [Surah Al-lsraa: 78]
The Eighth Condition – Facing the Ka’bah: The proof for this is Allaah’s statement: “Verily, We have seen the turning of your face (0 Muhammad) towards the heaven. Surely, We shall turn you to a Qiblah (prayer direction) that will please you. So turn your face to the direction of AI-Masjid-ul-Haraam. And wherever you may be; turn your faces towards it.” [Surah AI-Baqarah: 144]
The Ninth Condition – (An Explanation of The Conditions Pillars and Requirements of Prayer)
– The Intention: Its place is in the heart, and as for vocalizing it, this is an innovation.
The proof for this is the hadeeth: “Verily actions are only based on intentions, and indeed every man shall only have what he intended.”
The pillars of the prayer are fourteen: (1) Standing, if one has the ability to do so; (2) The Opening Takbeer; (3) Reciting Surah AI Faatihah; (4) Bowing; (5) Rising from Bowing; (6) Prostrating on all Seven Limbs; (7) Erecting oneself from it; (8) Sitting between the two prostrations; (9) Remaining Tranquil (i.e. not rushing) during all of these Pillars; (10) Maintaining the Sequential Order; (11) the Final Tashahhud; (12) Sitting for it; (13) Sending Sa/oat on the Prophet; and ( 14) the (final) two Tasleems.
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