Knowledge in Later Islamic Philosophy pdf

KNOWLEDGE IN LATER ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY – Book Sample

CONTENTS – KNOWLEDGE IN LATER ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY

Key to Mulla Sadra’s Works ix

Introduction xiii

The Problem of Knowledge and the Greco-Islamic Context of the Unification Argument 1

1. The Greco-Alexandrian Background 7
   1. Plato’s bios theoretikos 7
   1. Aristotle and the ‘Intellect from Without’ 11
   1. Alexander of Aphrodisias: Beyond Orthodoxy and Innovation 17
   1. Plotinus Islamicus and the Unification Argument 25
   1. Islamic Philosophy 34
      1. Al-Kindi: The Beginning of the Problem in the Islamic Milieu 35
      1. Al-Farabi: Problem Restated 37
      1. Ibn Sina: Sadra’s Greatest Challenge 46
      1. Suhrawardi: On the Way to Sadra 59

Mulla Sadra’s Theory of Knowledge and the Unification Argument 86

• Sadra’s Ontology 86
  • Essence and Existence 89
  • The Primacy and Gradation of Existence 96
  • Existence, Intelligibility and Knowledge 102
    • Disembodiment as Intelligibility and Gradation in Knowledge 108
    • Four Theories of Knowledge and Their Critique 118
    • Modes of Perception and the Simple Intellect 135
    • Active Intellect, Intuition, and Peripatetic Intellectualism 148
    • Unification of the Intellect and the Intelligible 159
    • Self-Knowledge and Knowledge-by-Presence 165
    • Knowledge-by-Presence and God’s Knowledge of Things 173

Sadra’s Synthesis: Knowledge as Experience, Knowledge as Being 195

• Epistemology Spiritualized: Is Mystical Knowledge Possible? 198
  • Knowledge as Finding Existence 227

Treatise on the Unification of the Intellector and the Intelligible 256

(Risalah f i ittihad al-‘aqil wa’l-ma‘qul)

Bibliography 292

Index: Arabic and Persian Terms 305

Index: Proper Names 313

 KEY TO MULLA SADRA’S WORKS

• Asalah Asalat ja’l al-wujud in Majmu‘a-yi rasa’il-i falsafi-yi Sadr al-Muta’allihin, ed. Hamid Naji Isfahani (Tehran: Intisharat-i Hikmat, ah 1375). Asfar al-Hikmat al-muta‘aliyah f i’l-asf ar al-‘aqliyyat al-arba‘ah, (Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al- ‘Arabi, 1981), 9 Vols.
• ‘Awisah Ajwibat al-masa’il al-‘awisah in Ajwibat al- masa’il, ed. Abdullah Shakiba (Tehran: Bunyad- i Hikmat-i Islami-yi Sadra [SIPRIN], ah 1378)
• Hashr Risalat al-hashr, ed. with Persian translation by M. Khwajawi (Tehran: Intisharat-i Mawlawi, 1998).
• Huduth Huduth al-‘alam, ed. S. H. Musawiyan (Tehran: Bunyad-i Hikmat-i Islami-yi Sadra [SIPRIN], ah 1378).
• Iksir Iksir al-‘arif in, ed. and tr. William Chittick, The Elixir of the Gnostics, (Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 2003).
• Ittihad Ittihad al-‘aqil wa’l-ma‘qul in Majmu‘a-yi rasa’il-i falsaf i-yi Sadr al-Muta’allihin, ed. Hamid Naji Isfahani (Tehran: Intisharat-i Hikmat, ah 1375).
• Kashaniyya Ajwibat al-masa’il al-kashaniyyah in Majmu‘a-yi rasa’il-i falsaf i-yi Sadr al-Muta’allihin, ed. Hamid Naji Isfahani (Tehran: Intisharat-i Hikmat, ah 1375)
• Kasr Kasr asnam al-jahiliyyah, ed. N. Jihangiri (Tehran: Bunyad-i Hikmat-i Islami-yi Sadra [SIPRIN], ah 1381).
• Mafatih Maf atih al-ghayb (Beirut: Mu’assasat al-Tarikh al-‘Arabi, 1999), 2 Vols.
• Masha’ir Kitab al-masha‘ir, ed. and tr. Henry Corbin, Le Livre des pénétrations métaphysiques (Téhéran: Institut Francais d’Iranologie de Téhéran, 1982).
• Mazahir al-Mazahir al-ilahiyyah f i asrar al-‘ulum al- kamaliyyah, ed. S. M. Khamanei (Tehran: Bunyad-i Hikmat-i Islami-yi Sadra [SIPRIN], ah 1378).
• Qudsiyyah al-Masa’il al-qudsiyyah in Seh Risala-i Falsaf i, ed. S. J. Ashtiyani (Qom: Markaz-i Intisharat-i Daftar-i Tablighat-i Islami, ah 1379).
• Sharh Sharh-i ilahiyyat-i shif a’, ed. Najafquli Habibi (Tehran: Bunyad-i Hikmat-i Islami-yi Sadra [SIPRIN], ah 1382), 2 vols.
• Shawahid al-Shawahid al-rububiyyah, ed. S. J. Ashtiyani (Mashhad: al-Markaz al-Jami‘ li’n-Nashr, 1981 [2nd edition]).
• Tafsir Tafsir al-qur’an al-karim, ed. M. Khwajawi (Qom: Bidar Press, 1987–1990), 7 Vols.
• Tasawwur Risalat al-tasawwur wa’l-tasdiq in Risalatan f i’- tasawwur wa’l-tasdiq, ed. Mahdi Shari‘ati (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2004).
• Usul Sharh usul al-kafi (Kitab al-‘aql wa’l-jahl), ed.
• M. Khwajawi (Tehran: ah 1366) 5 Vols.

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