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ZAKAAH AND FASTING – Book Sample

Zakatul-Fitr

There is a Zakat payment due at the end of the month of fasting, called Ramadhan. The day that it is due is called ‘Eidul-Fitr, which is a day of celebrating the end of the fast. One of the Prophet’s Companions named Ibn ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, said:

“Allah’s Messenger (Peace be upon Him) enjoined the payment of one Sa‘ of dates or one Sa’ of barley as Zakatul-Fitr on every Muslim, slave or free, male or female, young or old, and he ordered that it be paid before the people went out to offer the ‘Eid prayer.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

The best time to pay Zakatul-Fitr is the time from dawn on ‘Eid Day (the first day of the month following Ramadhan) until just before the ‘Eid prayer. However, those who give it before the morning of the ‘Eid (i.e. a day or two before the ‘Eid) have properly fulfilled the obligation. Those who give it away after the ‘Eid prayer, it is considered as a voluntary charity (Sadaqah) only. In other words it is not counted as Zakatul-Fitr.

What Should be Given as Zakatul-Fitr

The Prophet’s Companion. Abu Sa’eed Al-Khudri said: “In the lifetime of Allah’s Messenger we used to give Zakatul-Fitr on behalf of the young and the old, the free man and the slave, as one Sa’ of food, or one Sa’ of cottage cheese, or one Sa’ of barley, or one Sa’ of dates or one Sa’ of raisins.” (Al-Bukhari, Muslim and Abu Dawud)

The Wisdom Behind Zakatul-Fitr

Zakatul-Fitr purifies the fasting person from whatever shortcomings, such as foul or unnecessary speech, that he might have indulged in during his fast. It also saves the poor people from the humiliation of asking people for help on the day of the ‘Eid. One of the Prophet’s Companions named Ibn ‘Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, said: “The Messenger of Allah enjoined Zakatul-Fitr as a redemption for the fasting person from unnecessary or foul speech and as a food for the poor.” (Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah)

The Recipients of Zakatul-Fitr

Zakatul-Fitr is paid to the same eight categories of people who are eligible to receive the Zakat on wealth, as we explained before. The poor and the needy are the most deserving people for Zakatul-Fitr, as we mentioned above:

“Allah’s Messenger~ enjoined Zakatul-Fitr as a redemption for the fasting person, from unnecessary and foul speech, and as food for the poor,” (Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah)

The Voluntary Fast

Allah’s Messenger (Peace be upon Him) has encouraged the Muslims to fast the following days:

• Six days during the month of shawwal (the month that immediately follows Ramadhan).
• Fasting Mondays and Thursdays.
• Fasting three days of every lunar month. In the Islamic calendar they are the 13th, the 14th and the 15th.
• Fasting on the 9th day of Thul-Hijjah -the Day of `Arafah -for those who are not performing Hajj.
• Fasting the day of `Ashura, which is the 10th day of Muharram. It is preferred that

the Muslim observes fast on the 9th day and the 10th day of Muharram, or the 10th day and the 11th day, in contrast to the practice of the Jews who used to fast this day also (i.e. lath Muharram).

Days That the Muslims Are Forbidden to Fast

• During the days of the two ‘Eids (i.e. the festivals of the Day of the Sacrifice on the lath day of Thul-Hijjah, and the Day of Breaking the Fast on the 1^st day of Shawwal).
• The Days of Tashriq, the 11^th, the 12th, and the 13th of the month of Thul-Hijjah for the pilgrims.
• Those who are not performing the Hajj and ‘Umrah, are exempt from this prohibition.
• The days in which the woman is still in her menses or experiencing post childbirth bleeding. Further more, there is a consensus between the scholars that the fast of such women is void.
• The woman should not fast while her husband is present except with his permission, excluding the obligatory fast of Ramadhan.

When is Fasting Discouraged

• Fasting the Day of `Arafah for those who are performing Hajj and standing at ‘Arafat.
• Fasting on Friday alone except if one observes fast a day before or a day after it.
• Fasting on Saturday alone, except when it is making up for a day of obligatory fasting.
• Fasting everyday without any break.
• Intentionally fasting two or more days continuously without breaking the fast.
• Fasting ‘the Day of the Doubt’, which is the 30th day of Sha’ban. Also, fasting the day or two which immediately precede Ramadhan, except for a person who is observing his regular fast.

Meritorious Acts During Ramadhan

The Night Prayer or Tarawih Prayers

Allah’s Messenger (Peace be upon Him) has encouraged offering prayer at night regularly. This prayer is known as the ‘night prayer’ (Qiyamul-Layl) or (Tahajjud). During Ramadhan this prayer is also call Tarawih. It is allowed to offer the Tarawih, at any time starting from the conclusion of’ Isha (Night) prayer until the commencement of the Fajr (Dawn) prayer. The Prophet (Peace be upon Him) always prayed eleven Rak’ahs (units of prayer) for the optional night prayer, whether it was during Ramadhan or any other time of the year. Tarawih, is a voluntary prayer by which a true believer intends to seek the pleasure of Allah and draw near to Him. The Prophet said (Peace be upon Him):

“Whoever performed the night prayer in Ramadhan with sincere faith and hoping for a reward from Allah, then all his past sins will be forgiven.” (Al-Bukhari)

Giving Charity And Donations

One of the good deeds of this blessed month of Ramadhan is charity and benevolence, which is more virtuous than during the other months. The goal of giving charity and donations is to attain the pleasure of Allah(S.W.T).

Increasing One’s Recitation of The Qur’an

The blessed month of Ramadhan is the month of the Qur’an, in which reciting the Qur’an according to one’s ability is strongly recommended. The Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon Him) recited the Qur’an with the utmost concentration and deep contemplation of its meanings. For Ramadhan is the month in which the Qur’an was revealed. Allah (S.W.T) says:

“The month of Ramadhan, in which the Qur’an was revealed; a guidance for mankind and clear proofs for the guidance and the criterion (between right and wrong).” (2:185)

Everyone must endeavor to the best of his ability to fear Allah ~ with a conscious heart. In order to generate such a fearful mind, the best method is to recite the Noble Qur’an with due concentration, understanding, and contemplation of its meanings. Moreover, while reciting the Qur’an, he should reflect upon the supreme Omnipotence and absolute Majesty of Allah (S.W.T).

Seclusion in the Mosque (I`tikaf)

One of the special deeds of Ramadhan is I`tikaf. Performing I`tikaf means to confine oneself in seclusion in a mosque for the purpose of worshipping Allah alone, leaving…..

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